[BOUNTY: 12 RTC] Windows headless miner: stop infinite retry of rejected headers, surface server diagnostic (Rustchain#7368)

Scottcjn/rustchain-bounties lists Bounty listed, a bounty for builders.

The gist

• Reward listed at the source: Bounty listed.
• Publisher listed at the source: Scottcjn/rustchain-bounties.
• Source deadline: Rolling (Rolling).

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